Surveillance — Pengawasan

Pemantauan orang, tempat, atau aktivitas secara sistematis. AI memperkuat surveillance melalui face recognition, behavior analysis, predictive policing, dll.

AI surveillance: face recognition (Clearview AI), behavior analysis, predictive policing, social credit (China). Risiko: privacy, bias, authoritarianism.

June 21, 2026 1 min concepts

Surveillance

Definisi

Surveillance adalah pemantauan sistematis terhadap orang, tempat, atau aktivitas. AI memperkuat kemampuan surveillance secara drastis.

AI Surveillance Tools

Face recognition — Clearview AI, SenseTime, Hikvision
License plate recognition (ALPR/ANPR)
Behavior analysis — detecting “suspicious” behavior
Gait recognition — mengenali orang dari cara jalan
Voice identification
Social media monitoring — sentiment, propaganda
Predictive policing — prediksi lokasi kriminal
Drones — pengintai
Social credit (China) — scoring warga

Kasus

China: 500+ juta kamera CCTV + social credit
US: ICE, FBI face recognition
UK: CCTV mass (1 kamera per 11 orang)
Israel: NSO Group Pegasus spyware
Russia, Iran, North Korea: surveillance negara

Masalah

Privacy — privasi warga
Bias — diskriminasi (face recognition kurang akurat untuk non-white)
Authoritarianism — alat kontrol negara
Mission creep — tujuan awal melebar
Vulnerability — data breach

Regulasi

EU GDPR — proteksi data
EU AI Act (2024) — ban real-time biometric surveillance (dengan exception)
US state laws — beberapa ban face recognition (San Francisco, Boston)
China — lebih longgar, dengan state purpose