Robot

Definisi

Robot adalah mesin fisik yang dapat melakukan tugas secara otonom atau semi-otonom, biasanya dengan kemampuan sensing, processing, dan actuation.

Komponen

• Sensor (cameras, LIDAR, IMU, force)
• Actuator (motors, pneumatics, hydraulics)
• Controller (microcontroller, computer)
• Software (perception, planning, control)

Jenis

• Industrial — Unimate, FANUC, KUKA, ABB
• Service — Roomba (vacuum), Aibo (dog)
• Humanoid — Optimus (Tesla), Figure 01, Atlas (Boston Dynamics), H1 (Unitree)
• Medical — Da Vinci (surgery)
• Military — drones, bomb disposal
• Agricultural — John Deere, harvesting
• Space — Mars rovers (Curiosity, Perseverance)
• Domestic — Roomba, lawn mower

Era Modern

• 2020s — embodied AI, foundation models for robotics
• 2023+ — humanoids mulai massal (Optimus, Figure)
• 2024+ — autonomous robots di warehouse (Amazon, Symbotic)
• 2025-2026 — embodied AI agents (RT-2, π0)